Showing posts with label Karen Armstrong. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Karen Armstrong. Show all posts

Monday, 4 February 2013

The Righteous Men


I’ve been reading a book by Sam Bourne (a pseudonym for Jonathan Freedland, the journalist) called ‘The Righteous Men’. I didn’t know it when I purchased the book, but it has kabbalah at the core of its story (and a very good story it is too – Da Vinci Code-ish without quite so many terrible factual errors)

I don’t want to spoil the story for anyone who hasn’t had the pleasure of reading it yet, so won’t go into too much detail, except to say that ‘a righteous man’ is one who does good things for other people anonymously. The recipients never know who their benefactor or helper is. The righteous men do good for others because it is the right thing to do. They are not trying to win a place in heaven, or the admiration of others, or simply following rules. They are often in very ordinary everyday occupations, or even in occupations scorned by others.  They are not necessarily religious, or even spiritual. But they are regarded by some Kabbalists as the holiest of men.

(I’ve kept using the term ‘men’ here though I have no doubt that there are righteous women. I expect the concept was first solidified in a time when women weren’t considered evolved enough – or given enough freedom – to exercise free will.)

In the past religion has been mainly either consoling, (i.e. it gives people hope for the future, and a meaning, plus guidance); and/or a form of social control. Most forms of spirituality seem to come about as a result of glimpses of, or a yearning for, the transcendent. Spiritual revelations however are often shattering; they tend to turn one’s world upside down and inside out. As St. John didn’t quite say ‘And ye shall know the truth, and the truth will set you free. But first it will make you bloody miserable.’

One of the first things one has to let go of in the wake of many spiritual revelations is the idea of the 'ground of all being' as a personal God (though one often discovers intermediaries between humans and the no-thing- which-is-the-cause-and-essence-of-everything which/who are very personable indeed.)

But it doesn’t even take a spiritual revelation for something to start to happen which society, especially those in charge of it, consider very dangerous. People look at the rules contained within their local religion and state laws and start to make choices about ‘good’ and ‘bad’ rules based on their own rationality and feelings of fairness and goodness. And so there were the women who kept vigil at Greenham Common, and CND supporters breaking the law (and accepting they had to pay the penalty for that.) In South Africa and in the south of the USA you had people breaking the segregation rules. Many modern Christians turn a blind eye to the bible’s injunctions for women to obey their husbands and slaves to obey their masters.

Often these law breakers are ‘righteous men’.

Karen Armstrong (see my post 'Who is this God person anyway?') talks of the need for the rituals which produce a sense of ‘other’, of awe, and which religion has often provided in the past. But in the Guardian today was news of a new sort of ‘church’ that has set up in Islington, where the ‘services’ include inspiring music and sing-alongs, talks on the wonders of nature, and discussions on the best ways of helping other people. The service includes an opportunity for people to meet and mix, in order to engender a feeling of community. But God is not mentioned. It is a service for atheists.

 I would call this a humanist meeting, but humanists are materialists, and I don’t know if the people who attend these meetings in Islington are all also materialists (though at least one of the organisers is.) If it is an essentially materialist approach, that would discourage me from attending, but I applaud the idea of such meetings. Indeed I consider that they are probably a fertile breeding ground for ‘righteous men’, the ‘most holy’,  and when it comes down to it, as Helen Titchen-Beeth said (see my post Goodbye-meditation-hello-spontaneity.) loving, kind behaviour towards others is more important than any dogma, or any cosmology.

Monday, 7 January 2013

"Who is this God person anyway?"


‘God’ – as in ‘Do you believe in God?’-  is a hard worked little word, and can be taken to mean many different things.

I mostly use it in this blog to refer to an unseen sacred numinous principle, an ultimate reality; not a being, and certainly not possessed of any qualities that we could imagine. But I’m aware that I do also use the word to refer to the aspect of this numinous principle to which I pray. (For more on this see the post 'Full Circle - Thou, It, I, Thou')

Karen Armstrong, (whose book ‘The Case for God’ should be given free by the Government to everybody attaining the age of 35, and anybody younger who asks for it,) maintains that in earliest times many humans were well aware that no ‘being’ could be responsible for all they experienced, but worshipped and respected ‘Being’:  “a fundamental energy that supports and animates everything that exists…. You could not see, touch or hear it but could only watch it at work in the people, objects and natural forces around you.” Whatever this was, it was impersonal and transcendent.

Perhaps this is why the natural forces thus animated were themselves anthropomorphised as gods and goddesses in many societies, for example: Agni, the god of fire, Apollo the sun god. I used the term ‘gods’ in this way in my post ‘Honouring the Gods‘, and modern psychotherapy makes much use of these as a way of identifying the unconscious driving and pulling forces within human nature. Buddhism, which is unconcerned as to whether there is or isn’t an unseen sacred numinous principle – Buddhism is an agnostic religion- nevertheless makes reference to the ‘realm of the gods’. These gods are powerful superhumans, enjoying a life of luxury, rather like most the Greek gods and goddesses on Mount Olympus. Like them, they can interfere in the life of ordinary people but, also like the Greek gods and many other pantheons of gods, they are neither omniscient nor omnipotent.

When I was taught Christianity, I was taught that those who worshipped pantheons of gods, or one in particular of a pantheon of gods (Zeus, for example) had got it wrong, and that only monotheism was right. However, one couldn’t help noticing, as one made further investigations into this, just how like Zeus or any other ‘sky god’ or ‘high god’ the Christian God seemed to be. 

Unlike ours, many societies did not (and do not) have a problem worshipping a pantheon of gods, while being absolutely clear that these gods do not represent ultimate reality. To quote Karen Armstrong again “There was no ontological gulf separating these gods from the rest of the cosmos; everything had emerged from the same sacred stuff.” 

I should say here that I do think that Christianity in this country, the UK, tends towards fundamentalism (inclined towards a literal reading of the bible). I remember the outcry when an Archbishop expressed the view that it really didn't matter whether Jesus was born to a virgin or not. However, I consider myself a Christian, because I use Christian symbolism and myths in my meditations and prayers, and I'm completely happy to pay my dues to any number of  'archangels' representing various principles such as 'truth', 'compassion', 'courage' and 'serenity' without ever getting these confused with the sacred unseen numinous principle; the ultimate reality. I think that fundamentalists have completely failed to grasp the actual point of religion.

Millenia ago it seems the "Upanishadic sages [in India] were among the first to articulate another of the universal principles of religion....The truths of religion are accessible only when you are prepared to get rid of the selfishness, greed and self-preoccupation that, perhaps inevitably, are engrained in our thoughts and behaviour but are also the source of so much pain." (Armstrong.)

I would be very interested to know to what others reading this are referring when they use the word ‘God’.